Special power supply manufacturers analyze the classification of power modules

The power module is characterized by providing power for application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), microprocessor, memory, field programmable gate array (FPGA) and other digital or analog loads. Generally speaking, this type of module is called a point-of-load (POL) power supply system or a point-of-use power supply system (PUPS). Due to the many advantages of the modular structure, various modules are widely used in high-performance telecommunication, network connection and data communication systems. According to the application field of modern power electronics,Special power supplyThe manufacturer tells you that there are several categories of power modules:

1. Switching power supply module

The rapid development of the communication industry has greatly promoted the development of communication power supplies. High-frequency miniaturized switching power supply and its technology have become the mainstream of modern communication power supply systems. In the communication field, the rectifier is usually called the primary power supply, and the direct current-direct current (DC-DC) converter is called the secondary power supply. The function of the primary power supply is to transform a single-phase or three-phase AC power grid into a DC power supply with a nominal value of 48V. Currently in the primary power supply used in program-controlled switches, the traditional phase-controlled regulated power supply has been replaced by a high-frequency switching power supply. It is generally controlled within the range of 50-100kHz to achieve high efficiency and miniaturization. In recent years, the power capacity of switching rectifiers has continued to expand. The capacity of a single unit has expanded from 48V/12.5A, 48V/20A to 48V/200A, 48V/400A.

Due to the wide variety of integrated circuits used in communication equipment and their different power supply voltages, high-power-density high-frequency DC-DC isolated power supply modules are used in the communication power supply system to transform the intermediate bus voltage (usually 48V DC) into The various DC voltages required can greatly reduce losses, facilitate maintenance, and are very convenient to install and increase. Generally, it can be directly installed on the standard control board, and the requirement for the secondary power supply is high power density. As the communication capacity continues to increase, the communication power supply capacity will also continue to increase.

2. UPS

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a high-reliability, high-performance power supply necessary for computers, communication systems, and occasions that require uninterrupted supply. The AC mains input is converted into DC by the rectifier, part of the energy is charged to the battery pack, and the other part of the energy is converted into AC by the inverter, and sent to the load through the transfer switch. In order to still provide energy to the load when the inverter fails, another backup power source is implemented through a power transfer switch.

Modern UPS generally uses pulse width modulation technology and modern power electronic devices such as power MOSFETs and IGBTs. The noise of the power supply can be reduced, and the efficiency and reliability can be improved. The introduction of microprocessor software and hardware technology can realize the intelligent management of UPS, remote maintenance and remote diagnosis.

3. Converter

The DC-DC converter transforms a fixed DC voltage into a variable DC voltage. This technology is widely used in the stepless speed change and control of trolleybuses, subway trains, and electric vehicles, and at the same time, the above-mentioned control can be accelerated smoothly and quickly. Responsive performance, and at the same time receive the effect of saving energy. Replacing the varistor with a DC chopper can save power (20~30)%. The DC chopper can not only regulate the voltage (switching power supply), but also effectively suppress the harmonic current noise on the grid side.

The secondary power supply DC-DC converter of the communication power supply has been commercialized. The module adopts high-frequency PWM technology, the switching frequency is about 500kHz, and the power density is 5W~20W/in3. With the development of large-scale integrated circuits, power modules are required to be miniaturized. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously increase the switching frequency and adopt new circuit topologies. At present, some companies have developed and produced two devices that use zero-current switching and zero-voltage switching technologies. The power density of the secondary power supply module has been greatly improved.

4. DC power supply module

High-power switching high-voltage DC power supplies are widely used in large-scale equipment such as electrostatic dust removal, water quality improvement, medical X-ray machines and CT machines. The voltage is up to 50~l59kV, the current is above 0.5A, and the power is up to 100kW.

Since the 1970s, some companies in Japan have adopted inverter technology, which converts the mains power to an intermediate frequency of about 3kHz after rectification, and then boosts it. In the 1980s, high-frequency switching power supply technology developed rapidly. Germany's Siemens uses power transistors as the main switching element to increase the switching frequency of the power supply to more than 20kHz. The dry-type transformer technology was successfully applied to high-frequency and high-voltage power supplies, and the high-voltage transformer oil tank was eliminated, which further reduced the volume of the transformer system.

Domestically, the electrostatic precipitator high-voltage DC power supply has been developed. The mains power is rectified into DC. The full-bridge zero-current switch series resonant inverter circuit is used to invert the DC voltage into a high-frequency voltage, which is then boosted by a high-frequency transformer and then rectified. It is DC high voltage. Under resistive load conditions, the output DC voltage reaches 55kV, the current reaches 15mA, and the operating frequency is 25.6kHz.

The classification of power modules is summarized as above. If you have any questions, please contact the special power supply manufacturer to help you answer your questions!